September 30, 1980

GHARDAIA, ALGERIA
Fortunately, we had many breakdowns and didn't arrive in Ghardaia until 10:30am, so I was able to see the scenery, such as it is. Occasional touches of green, but mostly immense stretches of pale brown, crumbly-looking rock. Ghardaia is an oasis town, in a green valley, with low, rectangular, stone buildings, some with thatched roofs-- the first small, truly African town I've been to. I can walk across it in half an hour. As in Algiers, I went to many filled-up hotels before I had to take an expensive one. Considering the town's size and isolation, there's a surprisingly large number of tourists here.

The traditional dress here is different than in Morocco. I still see about half the older men in traditional dress, but here many boys and young men wear it too. Here they wear very baggy pants, with a crotch down around the knees, sometimes with a western shirt, sometimes under the jellaba. The women are rarely seen. Islam deems that if these inferior creatures go out in public, they must cover their faces. In Moroccan cities, about half of them do so, with a big, colorful kerchief hanging on or below the nose. In Algiers, a little token doily was used. Down here, it's extreme: all women are completely draped in white, with only a tiny triangular space allowing ONE eye to be exposed.

In the past 1-1/2 weeks, I've seen about a hundred pairs of men holding hands. At first I thought it might be just friendship expressed with less inhibitions than we're used to. Now I think they're gay couples and that because traditional Islam doesn't give men and women much opportunity to enjoy each other's company (I've almost never seen a man and a woman together here), they resort to this. No one blinks an eye.

PHOTO CREDIT 1
PHOTO CREDIT 2

September 29, 1980

ALGIERS, ALGERIA
In spite of the difficulties of getting around town, I found my way back to the Niger Embassy on foot, shortly after it opened and, to my surprise, they said they would process my visa by 1:00. In view of my desire to move on quickly, I booked a bus to Ghardaia for tonight. It meant giving up my room at noon and lugging my pack around all day, but it was worth it.

The room was the best I've had yet, with a terrific view of the Mediterranean, though there didn't seem to be any beach around. Later, I found a little garbagey one, but it wasn't quite swimming weather, so I took a nap. Algerians may be anti-European in their ideas about language and tourism, but not in their fashions, sidewalk cafés and (!) department stores.

The bus ride, allegedly from 9pm - 5am, would save me a hotel payment, but not allow me to see much countryside.

PHOTO CREDIT

September 28, 1980

ALGIERS, ALGERIA
Up before six to walk to the bus to the plane to Algiers. Arrived at noon and this time, took the bus to town-- a fortunate move, since the long road is mostly urbanized and would have made lousy hitch-hiking.

Algeria does not give up its secrets as easily as Morocco does; their break with France was more recent and more violent, so their present policy is more anti-French. Although everyone speaks it, there are very few signs in French; instead of removing the old French street signs, they get their message across by scribbling over them. Between this and the fact that no one anywhere sells a map to this giant city, I'm operating slowly.

The way to speed things up is with money. SPEED ≈ $$$. It got me to Algiers when I couldn't go on foot. It got me a room when I had no more time to look for a cheap one. It got me a taxi to the Niger embassy when it would have taken too long to find it on foot, although they told me to come back tomorrow. This is unfortunate because:
1. My Algerian visa is valid for only 15 days, approximately the length of my upcoming trans-Saharan trek and the clock is ticking;
2. If my guidebook is accurate (rare), the bus south from Tamanrasset runs only on the 1st and 15th-- if I'm delayed here more than a day, I'll be stuck in Tamanrasset for two weeks.

Everyone told me that Algerians are crazy and I shouldn't come here, but except for government positions and pompous soldiers, everyone is very helpful. It's a good thing, because otherwise this city would be impenetrable.

PHOTO CREDIT

September 27, 1980

CASABLANCA, MOROCCO
The ride was relatively pleasant—sleep never lasted more than ½-hour at a time and the girl and I talked, with some communication problems. Got to Casa about 7am and we walked together for a mile, before she had to turn. I bummed around, waiting for a travel agency to open: I was anxious to get to Algiers fast, to erase the frustration of having to backtrack so far and I was a little nervous because some people told me there were no more flights from Morocco to Algeria. It turned out to be that this was for Moroccans only and I was free to go, as long as I didn’t mind spending $140 and waiting a day. I didn’t.

September 26, 1980

OUJDA, MOROCCO
The train has first-, second-, and third-class cars. The major difference between second and third, I think, is not in the car or the services, but in the class of people surrounding you. In third class, it’s mostly poor people and my wagon was full of toothless old women in rags, 19-year old girls with children, some very scroungy-looking men and a few penny-pinchers like myself. The train was slow and stopped a lot, so it was dawn before we were halfway there. Since I wasn’t sleeping well, I at least got to see the countryside: BARREN. It looked like it would all just crumble up and blow away. I had an idea that this area would be somewhat lush, but it’s desert. Apparently, the winter rainy season perks things up, because there are dry stream beds, but after the tough summer heat, there’s practically nothing growing.

What amazed me most of all was that, once in a while, there would be a little cottage, far from any others and very far from useful vegetation. I can’t imagine these people’s existence. When I see people like this, I think of how completely trapped they are. Now it’s unlikely that any of them would ever want to leave Morocco, but I imagine myself there, with no money or American contacts, having to spend the rest of my life there, and it terrifies me. In fact, I’ve sometimes wondered what I’ve done to deserve earning money in excess of my needs, going to college, trips like this—how it happens that I’m doing all this and I’ve never even earned money at a skilled job, and these people struggle just to survive.

At the border town of Oujda, I was only five steps from the train when I had my first solicitor. The Algerian dinar is inflated and there’s an active black market exchange on both sides of the border. I very cautiously went into the deal, changing $100 for 500 dinar, a profit of $25-$30. A taxi driver bid 25 dinar to take me to the border, but I held off for my next offer, 2 dinar. It seemed I’m catching on.

Between countries, there are two borders, with a no-man’s land in between. I crossed the Moroccan border with no trouble, but was warned that the Algerian border guards would not let me in on foot, even though I was just going from train to train. I got friendly with three young French people and they agreed to take me through in their car and pretend that I was with them. The guards were suspicious enough about our different nationalities, but I clinched it when I wrote a different destination on my entrance form. My entrance stamp was nullified and I was sent back to Morocco, told that the only way I could enter now was by air and the nearest airport is in Casablanca. Dejectedly, I got back on a train for a 12-hour trip back to point A.

Unlike on my first trip, I got a seat right away, across from a pretty girl who was traveling past Casablanca with her 9-year old nephew. She broke the ice by offering me part of a fish sandwich and continued to share their picnic dinner of eggs, potatoes, fruit and bread, til I was stuffed. For the rest of the twelve hours, I would be completely distracted from the hassles of international politics.

PHOTO CREDIT

September 25, 1980

MEKNES, MOROCCO
Unfortunately, no one wanted hitchers to Volubilis, so after more than an hour of watching car after car go by (plus lots of poor people with donkeys), I came back into town. Instead, I trekked out to the railroad station for info on the train to Algeria, went to the local museum (crafts again), and spent some time in the medina.

Previously, if I felt a little homesick, the place I wanted to go to was a big department store. Even in the major cities here, they just don’t exist and I was thinking how different shopping is here, but it occurred to me today, in the medina, that the market area is very much like one of America’s greatest institutions: The Mall.

In the medina, or outdoor mall, of Meknes, one can find: pots & pans; cosmetics; underwear; a thousand fruit & vegetable salesmen at shops or carts; bookbags, luggage and all kinds of leather goods; notebooks; dishes; ropes; birds; Adidas sneakers & t-shirts; Moroccan jellabas & caps; many shoe stores; candy shops; carpenters selling shelves, desks, etc.; chickens (complete); canned vegetables; detergents (Tide is very big); several branches of banks; rugmakers; ice cream stands; butchers; a police station; records & cassettes; dentists and doctors; toys & sporting goods; books; a hundred refreshment stands; Woolworths-type knick-knacks; movie theaters; little eateries; American jeans; and my favorite, the old men in wide-brimmed hats who carry brass water tanks on their backs and ring brass bells to announce that you can drink water from their brass cups.

Earlier in the week, I had morocco’s #1 dish, cous-cous, and tonight, probably my last night in the country, I had its #2 dish, chicken tajine. With a half-loaf of bread, tomato salad, a dish of grapes and the ever-present mint tea, it was a feast. At 2:50 am, I’ll board a train that will bring me to the Algerian border by dawn.

PHOTO CREDIT 1
PHOTO CREDIT 2

September 24, 1980

MEKNES, MOROCCO
Got to the Algerian consulate the minute it opened and left one minute later with passport and visa, so I’m through with Rabat. Someone told me that the snipers at the border have quit it for a while, so that should make it easier. Today I learned the real advantage of an early start on the road, even when the distance you’re going isn’t great: avoiding the midday heat, and when I say midday, I mean from 10 to 5.

While I was walking, a bunch of guys called me over and, uncharacteristically, I went. They all introduced themselves and two of them volunteered to walk me down to a good place to hitch. We sat in the shade and talked international politics and sociology, while I passed the canteen. When away from home, one becomes a little more patriotic than usual. Afterwards, I got a lift on a truck for 30 km. Another hitcher gave the driver a few dirham, so I took my cue—this was probably the first of many non-gratis rides. For my third lift, I had to bargain down the fare before getting in. Bargaining, by the way, is the accepted way of almost any exchange, from an apple to a hotel room. Everyone must do it, especially we tourists, who might otherwise spend four or five times what we should. I suppose when I’ve done more of it I’ll become more strong-willed and I won’t be taken in so badly.

This last driver was a bit of a hell-raiser; I think he said he was Italian and he sure acted it as he drove around in circles trying to get two girls to come for a ride. At various times throughout the 85 km trip with him, we carried eight different hitchers. I was last and he brought me right to the Tourism Office in Meknes.

It didn’t take long for two hustlers to find me and the brains of the operation sent his assistant to help me find a hotel. It was definitely more than a friendly gesture, because they had their act down and were very aggressive, so I got rid of them temporarily, but was nervous that they knew where my room is. We had planned to meet tonight at the café next door and I spent the day trying to guess what their game was, but it turned out they were just hash dealers and when I turned down their offer, the friendship faded quickly.

Anyway, this room is my best yet, albeit the most expensive at almost $4.00. It’s got a big bed (only sags in the middle), is nicely painted (last one looked like a bomb had hit it), and even had a little sink. The toilet down the hall is like all the others I’ve seen here: requires some dexterity to squat over the hole, has no paper and there’s a bucket of water nearby for flushing.

Tomorrow, a day-trip to the unearthed, ancient Roman city of Volubilis.

PHOTO CREDIT

September 23, 1980

RABAT, MOROCCO
Dragged myself out of bed to try to buy a roadmap of Northwest Africa. The American Embassy bookstore didn’t have any, but what it did have was a pretty , young American salesclerk, the first American I’ve spoken to in five days. I fell in love, naturally.

The Archaeological Museum was closed today, so I followed my second choice and went to the Handicrafts Museum—a really dreary place, but full of great stuff on display. I’d almost made it home when a student grabbed me to give me a guided tour of the Kasbah. The Kasbah is the original city of Rabat, older than the medina, built in the 12th century. At various times, it housed Arabs, European corsairs, and local Moroccans. The tiny area amazingly crowds 3,000 people together, though I saw few of them. It also contains such modern additions as a museum (closed today), a French café, and the inescapable Coke stand.

From the terrace, I saw the gorgeous beach of Salé, across the river and went there after lunch. This is more beaching than I did all summer, but after Algiers, I won’t be seeing oceans for a while—or much water of any kind. It was terrific, playing in the waves and jumping into the deep water off the rocky pier. Another non-profit-oriented student chatted me for a while.

If the visa is taken care of early tomorrow, I’ll leave for Meknes—otherwise loaf around one more day.

PHOTO CREDIT 1
PHOTO CREDIT 2

September 22, 1980

RABAT, MOROCCO
Got up before six this morning and wondered if maybe I should reconsider and take a train or bus—the foot that got cut at the beach yesterday is a little infected and forces me to limp and I’ve got a nasty sunburn on my neck & shoulders that might get torn up by my knapsack. I was determined to give hitching a go, though, because:

1. It would help bring me out of my shell.
2. It would be one of the easiest journeys of the trip (90km).
3. I have less reason to hurry than practically anyone in the world.

I left on foot, then, and in spite of walking five miles or so to the highway (Casablanca is extensive), I reached Rabat by 9:15 am.

More mileage was added as I tried to figure the city out—I wasn’t starting out with a city map, as I was in Casa. Got a room to drop my load, then went all over town to find out where to get an Algerian visa. Much waiting and writing later, I was privileged to abandon my passport for two days, but to my surprise, I wasn’t asked to show an onward ticket or huge sums of money. Maybe that’ll come at the border.

While resting by the river, a Moroccan Poli Sci student candidate came over and talked for quite a while and then shook my hand and left. It was the first time since leaving the plane that anyone conversed with me without financial profit in mind. Hooray for humanity! I only wish I wasn’t so much on guard with him.

My room, simply stated, is horrible looking. However, the tiny cot has a fat, fluffy mattress that’s a dream and as I found out later, the hotel (1) is across the street from the Kasbah (centuries-old Arab fortress); (2) is about ¼-mile from the beach where the river meets the sea—the sunset/seascape was reminiscent of Oswego evening; and (3) has a tiny grocery outlet where I can get food more cheaply than at a restaurant and the young guy who runs it is very helpful.

Too tired right now from all the walking to do anything but read for the rest of the night.

PHOTO CREDIT 1
PHOTO CREDIT 2

September 21, 1980

CASABLANCA, MOROCCO
Few businesses were open today, being Sunday, so I did the beach again, this time going out to the regions of my brother and sister tourists, the BIG SPENDERS. Yesterday’s beach was more crowded today—great fun in the waves and less paranoid about being ripped off. The beach further down past the resort hotels was packed to the standards I’m used to and I did that one too. Back at the hotel, found a working shower in the latrine two floors down and had (for me) a nice shower. Washed my three-day socks in a bucket and generally prepared to take off early tomorrow for the capital, Rabat.

September 20, 1980

CASABLANCA, MOROCCO
Went for a walk this morning to find the beach, but the morning haze turned into a light sprinkle and I didn’t know where to hole up if it started to really rain, so I came back and read for a while. Eventually set out again and walked about five miles to find a nice beach. The sand was medium brown, marbled with fantastic designs in dark brown sand. When the waves went back out, the remaining sheet of water made the beach look like highly polished mahogany. In spite of the size of the place, there were only four or five people in view and no one in the water. I went in and found it fabulously refreshing— just the right temperature (chilling) and prefect-sized waves.

I’ve become so paranoid about rip-offs that I kept my glasses in my hand while in the water. The chances of someone stealing them might be a thousand to one, but the consequences would be disastrous—I’d have been lucky to find my hotel again, let alone continue the trip.

After a long, late-afternoon nap and a big couscous meal, I took a walk in the European shopping section. This is the hustlers’ quarter and nighttime is when their adrenalin is really flowing, but I didn’t let any of them stop me. It’s unfortunate that on a trip that I designed in such a way as to meet people easily, I’ve become so preoccupied with avoiding them. If in my peripheral vision I see someone turn and walk toward me or if, God forbid, some smiling, Western-dressed, young Moroccan’s eyes meet mine, I automatically quicken the pace and veer away, or even cross the street, and I never answer anyone who calls me.

PHOTO CREDIT

September 19, 1980

CASABLANCA, MOROCCO
Arrived at Casablanca 6am. After asking around, I found that the city was 35km away and that I could take a taxi, bus or hitchhike. I decided not to put off economizing and stuck out my thumb—the trip has begun! Finally got a lift with a guy who spoke only 3 or 4 words of French, making for a dull ride.

Once I started on foot, I was repeatedly accosted by hustlers—I’m used to cult fanatics, etc. in NYC, but most of these guys are much more persistent. One walked with me for more than a block, while I gave him the silent treatment: looking at him but pretending not to understand English. (They’re very good at identifying me as an English speaker.) This didn’t fool him—only disgusted him and he finished by cursing me and spitting on me. I think that they can accept a refusal, if you’re strong enough to refuse, but they have no respect for someone who won’t play the game—that is, listen to their spiel.

I was looking for the youth hostel when a small, middle-aged man ran up to me and asked if I spoke English. His boss was from L.A., he said. He spoke English pretty well and seemed more sincere than the hustlers I’d met, so I guessed he was just eager to practice his English. He introduced himself as Abdul and asked where I was going. The youth hostel was closed for two days because someone was murdered there last night, but he would find me a place to stay, a cheap hotel in the medina, 7 dirhams. The medina is the “old city” or “inner city” quarter of a North African town. It’s made up of hundreds of tiny, narrow roads winding around like in a jigsaw puzzle and full of tiny shops.

Abdul practically pulled me through an especially dirty section, dead cats on the walk, etc. I wanted to tell him not to go so far out of his way for me, but he was already too involved. I wondered if he was after a tip, but he was saying how he just wanted to make sure that foreigners would bring home good memories of his city.

We finally got to a surprisingly clean, neat hotel that belonged to a friend of his. This was it, I figured—he gets a commission from the hotel, but there were no vacancies. At the next place, the clerk was asleep. Finally he showed me a sad but adequate room for 13 dirhams ($3.00). I left my pack there and then he had to show me the easy way to get there, from the other direction, then we were off to the gala celebration of the king’s birthday. All the time, he never stopped talking about little tips for saving money, how he liked helping foreigners, how we were good friends now, and we stopped off at his brother-in-law’s café.

We ordered tea and croissants and he took 10 dirhams from me to give to a boy to buy my ticket for the celebration. I had asked him about stopping at a bank because I didn’t have much local currency and he said he could get a much better exchange rate on the street. He would have to do it, because if the money changer saw me, he would lower the rate. I gave him $50, he took off, and I instantly realized what I might have done. In fact, I had been warned about much trickier scams than this. Time passed and my heart sank til I finally went to the cashier, but didn’t even have enough dirhams for the snack. Abdul had done a total job on me.

Returning to the hotel, I almost kissed my baggage when I realized that stealing it wasn’t part of the scam. As I prepared to go pay for the room, the clerk, who’d been extremely sympathetic toward me and cursed out the dirty crook, told me that the room was not 13, but 30 dirhams. I said Salaam to the second crook of the day and found a nice room around the corner, with a terrace, for 13 dirhams.

This picked me up a little and for the rest of the day, my spirits went up and down: up when comfy in my room and thinking about the adventurous open road ahead and down when everyone who started a conversation with me, no matter what the subject or how casual, always ended up, one way or another, after my money.

When I first hit town, I was glad I started out in such a metropolis, because in spite of all the differences, there are many things here that I’m used to. Now I’m thinking that after a couple more days, I’ll try looking outside the city and hope to find more sincerity.

I also feel, tonight, like not letting the trip go beyond the two-month minimum I’d set.

PHOTO CREDIT 1
PHOTO CREDIT 2